In most cities, the emission level (the HSU units) which is an indication of the level of emissions is fixed at 65 units, but, often vehicles are found to have emission levels between 80 HSU to 90 HSU.

The following illustrations will indicate the amount of SPM, which can be reduced with the help of pollution control devices.

E.G. 1 - Reduction of emission levels from 60 HSU to 40 HSU, the mass concentrations will reduce from 0.355 gms/m3 to 0.193/ms. Assuming that there are 10,000 vehicles emitting 3M£ of emissions per hour and assuming that vehicles are operating 12 hours a day- the difference in mass emissions
will be:
10,000 vehicles x 12 hrs x 3m3 x (0.355-0.193) = 58.32 Metric Tons of SPM/day.

The above calculation excludes the emissions from other types of combustion engines such as cars, two wheelers, auto rickshaws etc.

The mechanism of convection currents dissipation and dispersal due to winds are the natural cleansing forces. The residual effects at peak hours on human beings when such cleansing forces are altered is phenomenal.

When a similar calculation is done when HSU levels are reduced from 80 to 60, the SPM figure would be (10,000 x 3 x 12 x (0.609 - 0.0355) = 120.6 Metric tons per day, and for 300 working days in a year - approx 40,000 Metric Tons of SPM.

Impact of SPM is felt in several ways in the form of dust which settles down on the leaves of the tree, reducing their capacity for generation of Oxygen by the Photosynthesis effect, increased necessity for air conditioning which again contribute to further environmental hear, burning up of precious fossil fuels for generating energy etc

Effective legislation, implementation and awareness can substantially reduce the pollution level in Cities and have a great impact on the socio-economic related factors such as increased productivity of human resources, sustained duration of good health, reduced burden on medical infrastructure and reduction in medical expenditure.

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